A Closer Look at Feline Asthma

Asthma isn't exclusive to humans; it can also afflict our feline companions. If you suspect your cat has asthma, it's crucial to have them evaluated by a veterinarian promptly. Untreated feline asthma can lead to irreversible damage to their lungs and heart. Feline asthma manifests as an immune-mediated disease, exhibiting symptoms that range from occasional hairball-like coughing to sudden episodes of respiratory distress, known as "acute dyspnea" in veterinary terms. These episodes are often triggered by allergens or stress and may be accompanied by vomiting, sneezing, or wheezing, akin to human allergy sufferers. Respiratory signs can vary from slow and deliberate to fast and labored breathing. Treatment for true asthma typically involves a combination of bronchodilators, oxygen therapy, and fast-acting steroids. Diagnosis usually entails an X-ray and possibly airway cytology. Since asthma symptoms can resemble those of other feline ailments like bronchitis or heart disease, a veterinary diagnosis aided by X-rays is crucial. While feline asthma shares similarities with human asthma, our understanding of its clinical causes has expanded in recent years. Long-term management often includes corticosteroids (such as prednisone) and bronchodilators (like terbutaline or aminophylline), either on a short- or long-term basis. Although severe dyspnea episodes can occur, the overall prognosis for feline asthma is generally positive. Early diagnosis allows for reversible lung and airway changes and minimizes damage. Explorations into alternative treatments for asthma include injectable steroids (for cats resistant to oral medication), Cyproheptadine (formerly used as an appetite stimulant), Cyclosporin A (reserved for severe cases), and Anti-Interleukin-5 Antibody (still in experimental stages). Additionally, reducing allergens in the environment through measures like air purifiers, dust-free litter, and avoiding scented products may help alleviate symptoms.

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